CLOSED opening

Term given to any opening which doesn’t start with 1.e4. The converse of ‘Closed Opening’ is ‘Open Game’.

I may be an old lion, but I can still bite someone’s hand off if he puts it in my mouth Wilhelm Steinitz
If the 12th game (from the match Carlsen-Karjakin)… were a restaurant dish, I would send it back to the chef. Nigel Short 2016
Botvinnik and Tal are among the best; I also like Spassky, but I think Petrosian is better than all of them. His weakness is too many draws, even against players he could beat easily. Maybe he lacks self-confidence. Robert Fischer
1960
Botvinnik, Korchnoi and Kasparov had to hate the opponent to play successfully. I belong to a different type of chess players. I’m like Keres, Spassky and Portisch. On the board we fight, but in life we get along great. Anatoly Karpov
2015
Drawing general conclusions about your main weaknesses can provide a great stimulus to further growth. Alexander Kotov

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