CAMBRIDGE SPRING (25.04.1904-19.05.1904)
Cambridge Springs was a health resort in Pennsylvania, famous for its spas and mineral waters halfway between New York and Chicago The participants of the first major American tournament were the World Champion Emanuel Lasker, Mikhail Chigorin, Carl Schlechter, Richard Teichmann, David Janowski, Georg Marco, Jacques Mieses, Harry Nelson Pillsbury, Frank Marshall, Jackson Showalter, Albert Fox, William Napier, Albert Hodges, John Barry, Eugene Delmar and Thomas Lawrence. For the last four it was the first international tournament. The tournament rules, adopted from the 1895 Hastings Chess Congress, forbade consultation on adjourned games. No draws were allowed under 30 moves unless it was a forced draw (there were only 2 draws less than 30 moves). This was the first major American tournament of the 20th century and probably the strongest international tournament held on American soil. On May 19, 1904, Frank Marshall, age 26, won the Cambridge Springs International with 13 points out of 15 (undefeated), winning $1,000. This event was considered Marshall’s greatest triumph. Lasker and Janowski tied for 2nd-3rd with 11 out of 15. Lasker lost to Schlechter and Pillsbury in round 6. Janowski lost to Marshall, Lasker, and Fox. The players split $900. 
Marco took 4th place ($200) with 9 points; Showalter took 5th place ($165) with 8½ points; then came Schlechter and Chigorin (split $135) with 7½ points; Mieses and Pillsbury took 8th -9th place with 7 points; Teichmann and Fox took 10th-11th place with 6.5 points; Napier and Lawrence took 12th -13th place with 5½ points; Hodges and Barry took 14th -15th place with 5 points; Delmar finished last with 4½ points. The Baron von Rothschild contributed $100 in brilliancy prizes. First prize ($40) went to Schlechter for his win against Lasker. Second prize ($25) went to Napier for his win against Barry. Third and fourth prizes ($35) went to Janowski for his win against Chigorin, and to Delmar for his win against Hodges. This was Pillsbury’s last tournament. He died two years later at the age of 33. In 1935 Fred Reinfeld published a book on the Cambridge Springs event.
